High Temperature Vacuum Furnace

High temperature vacuum furnace is an advanced heat treatment equipment that uses high-temperature heating technology in a vacuum environment and can be used for heat treatment, sintering, and annealing processes of various metal and non-metallic materials.

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Product Introduction

What is High Temperature Vacuum Furnace?

The high-temperature vacuum furnace is an advanced high-temperature treatment equipment with various usage characteristics. Firstly, it provides a high-temperature heat treatment environment, significantly affecting the heat treatment of high-strength and high-toughness materials. Secondly, the high vacuum degree of the furnace effectively prevents oxidation, embrittlement, and other reactions of some metal materials at high temperatures, also benefiting the deep processing of ceramic materials. Additionally, high-temperature vacuum furnaces allow precise control of temperature, pressure, and various chemical atmospheres, enabling a wide range of operations such as heat treatment, sintering, annealing, and surface modification. This greatly expands the application fields of material processing.

When using high-temperature vacuum furnaces, attention must be paid to the following requirements. Firstly, operators must maintain a rigorous work attitude and possess operational skills, strictly adhering to operating procedures to avoid potential accidents. Secondly, maintenance and repair of high-temperature vacuum furnace equipment should be conducted promptly and diligently to detect and eliminate possible faults. Finally, all materials used must comply with process and safety requirements, and all work regulations must be implemented to ensure the safety of operators and the normal operation of equipment.

Working Principle of High Temperature Vacuum Furnace

The working principle involves extracting a vacuum to create a low-pressure environment with minimal air. Then, water boils at low pressure (below atmospheric pressure) to produce steam, utilizing the principle of heat output through steam-water condensation heat exchange.

The structure of the vacuum furnace is generally reasonable and meets usage requirements. Through its principle, we understand that its use relies on vacuum and utilizes the steam generated by pressure for energy output. The energy involved in the entire process is significant.

Features of High Temperature Vacuum Furnace

Extremely convenient to load/unload.

Clean, compact, vacuum tight construction.

Use in vacuum inert, nitrogen, and hydrogen atmospheres.

Low thermal mass - rapid heating and cooling.

Accurate temperature control.

Main technical indicators

Model	Size of uniform temperature zone	Boost rate	Furnace temperature uniformity	Bearing capacity	Total installed power
446	400X400X600	0.5	±5℃	100	150
4413	400X400X1300	0.5	±5℃	200	210
557	500X500X700	0.5	±5℃	150	200
6612	600X600X1200	0.5	±5℃	300	230
8812	800X800X1200	0.5	±5℃	500	300

High Temperature Vacuum Furnace Structure

Vacuum Furnace Chamber

The vacuum furnace chamber is mainly divided into a stainless steel chamber, ceramic fiber chamber, molybdenum foil chamber, and graphite chamber. The maximum temperature ranges from 750°C to 2200°C.

Vacuum Furnace Heating Elements

Vacuum furnace heating elements are mainly divided into resistance wire, silicon carbon rod, molybdenum wire and rod, silicon molybdenum rod, graphite, induction coil, etc. The maximum temperature ranges from 750℃ to 2200℃.

Temperature Control System

The temperature control system of the vacuum furnace is mainly composed of thermocouples (temperature measurement) and temperature controllers (temperature control). It is mainly divided into PID programmable control, touch screen control, and PLC fully automatic control.

Vacuum System

The vacuum system consists of vacuum valves, mechanical pumps, diffusion pumps and Roots pumps according to the required vacuum level. The maximum vacuum level is generally 7×10-3 Pa.

Water Cooling System

According to the size of the furnace chamber, a matching water cooling system is required to ensure that the vacuum furnace can work properly.

Sealed Furnace Shell

The furnace shell casing must be well sealed to ensure that the designed vacuum level can be achieved.

Why Choose Our High-Temperature Vacuum Furnaces?

Exceptional Temperature Uniformity: Our furnaces employ state-of-the-art heating elements and insulation materials, ensuring uniform temperature distribution throughout the chamber. This uniformity guarantees consistent results, reducing the risk of process variations and improving product quality.

High Vacuum Capability: Vacuum conditions are vital in numerous applications, such as the heat treatment of metals or the processing of sensitive materials. Our furnaces boast excellent vacuum capabilities, creating an environment free from contaminants and oxidation, resulting in clean and precise processing.

Advanced Control Systems: Achieving precise temperature profiles is effortless with our sophisticated control systems. From simple recipes to complex, multi-step processes, our furnaces provide intuitive programming options to meet your specific needs.

Robust and Reliable Build: Our furnaces are built to last, featuring robust construction with top-grade materials. You can count on our equipment to withstand high temperatures and repeated use, ensuring long-term reliability and minimizing downtime.

Safety Features: Safety is our top priority. Our furnaces are equipped with advanced safety features to protect operators and prevent accidents. You can work with peace of mind, knowing that your team is well-protected during the processing.

Vacuum Furnace Application Notes

However, toxic or explosive gasses are not recommended for use with this vacuum heat treatment furnace without necessary safety controls and supervision.

Ultimate vacuum level can achieve 10-5 mbar with hose barb connections.

Small cracks may appear on the surface of the refractory ceramics over extended use. This is a normal occurrence and the cracks may be repaired with alumina coating

Maintenance and Service Life

Maintenance is a critical aspect of proper vacuum furnace operation, especially in regard to the heating elements. After every load, the heating elements should be visually checked for damage and the heating element connections inspected for tightness. In the event of damaged elements, repair is sometimes possible. It might be possible to patch graphite heating elements or replace the damaged section with a new one. Molybdenum heating elements can be typically repaired up to three times per element band. This requires special precautions due to the brittleness of molybdenum and if heated during the repair, the toxic nature of molybdenum dioxide vapors (a yellowish smoke).

At a minimum of once a month, heating element resistance to grounding should be checked to ensure there are no shorts. This is especially important if the furnace performs low-pressure vacuum carburizing. An acceptable reading for most furnaces is 90 – 100 ohms. After many duty cycles, molybdenum elements and their insulators metalize and their resistance to grounding gradually drops. A measurement of 10 ohms or less typically indicates failure.

FAQ

Q: 1. What are the features of high temperature vacuum furnace?

A: This product is a high temperature vacuum degreasing sintering furnace appropriate for sintering of cemented carbide, rare earth magnets, and fine ceramics. This furnace enables one-batch fully automatic treatment in the process from degreasing to pre-sintering, actual sintering, and cooling using the decompressed flow gas. This is a vacuum furnace with the following features: reliable, high quality, and good economic performance and productivity.

Q: 2. What is the structure of a vacuum furnace?

A: A vacuum furnace is a type of furnace that operates under low pressure or vacuum conditions. It is commonly used in various industrial applications such as heat treating, brazing, sintering, and annealing.
The structure of a vacuum furnace consists of several components. These include the furnace body, vacuum unit, hydraulic system, control system, cooling system, and other parts.
The furnace body and furnace door are typically made of high-strength steel plates and are welded and pressed together. They form a double-layer water jacket structure, which helps in maintaining the temperature inside the furnace and provides insulation.
The furnace door is opened and closed using a gear and rack drive mechanism, which allows for flexible and convenient operation.

Q: 3. What is the high temperature of a vacuum furnace?

A: The high temperature of a vacuum furnace can vary depending on the specific model and application. However, based on the references provided, high temperature vacuum furnaces are capable of operating at temperatures up to 3000°C (5432°F). These furnaces are designed to create a vacuum atmosphere to prevent contamination and oxidation of the materials being processed. The ability to achieve uniform heating across the entire workpiece is crucial for producing high-quality materials with consistent properties. The high temperature vacuum furnace is commonly used in various industrial processes such as heat treatment, sintering, brazing, and annealing.

Q: 4. What is a high temperature furnace?

A: HTFs are a specialized type of industrial furnace defined by their ability to reach exceedingly high temperatures, usually between 1800 and 3000 °C.

Q: 5. What is the temperature of a vacuum furnace?

A: Characteristics of a vacuum furnace are: Uniform temperatures in the range. 800–3,000 °C (1,500–5,400 °F) Commercially available vacuum pumping systems can reach vacuum levels as low as 1×10−11 torrs (1.3×10−11 mbar; 1.3×10−14 atm).

Q: 6. What is a high temperature vacuum sintering furnace?

A: These furnaces are equipped with electrical resistance heating or with inductive heating. They can be used for numerous purposes because they apply vacuum as well as inert atmospheres.

Q: 7. What is a hot zone in a vacuum furnace?

A: The hot zone is by far the most critical component of your vacuum furnace as it is the functional core. Hot zone designs and internal supports and hardware need to be designed with consideration to low mass and specific heat wherever possible to avoid hot zone energy absorption.

Q: 8. What are the different types of high temperature furnaces?

A: Tube furnaces, vacuum furnaces, box furnaces, and muffle furnaces are types of furnaces capable of reaching high operating temperatures.

Q: 9. What is low temperature vacuum?

A: Low temperature vacuum pump refers to the vacuum pump which uses the low temperature surface below 20K to condense and adsorb the gas.

Q: 10. Is vacuum affected by temperature?

A: Temperature does not change in a perfect vacuum because energy would not move, hence halting any possible change in temperature. Temperature can change in an imperfect vacuum, like within space, because such a vacuum has particles within it that allows energy as movement that causes change.

Q: 11. Why use a vacuum furnace?

A: Vacuum furnaces are used in many applications in all industries. A vacuum is one of the methods to protect heated steel and metal parts from the negative influence of an air atmosphere.

Q: 12. What are high temperature furnace materials?

A: Furnaces operating at temperatures above 1600°C often incorporate heating elements manufactured from graphite, tungsten or molybdenum disilicide.

Q: 13. What is high temperature sintering?

A: High sintering temperatures are generally needed to process refractory metals due to their high melting temperatures, but specific conditions depend on the particular alloy, particle size and impurities. The tendency of refractory metals to oxidize requires reducing atmospheres or vacuum for sintering.

Q: 14. How does a vacuum furnace work?

A: Sometimes referred to as a controlled atmosphere furnace, a vacuum furnace is any furnace that removes air from the heating chamber during operation. A vacuum furnace system does this by utilizing an air purging pump and creating a seal that does not allow oxygen to enter the chamber while it is in use.

Q: 15. How do you measure high temperature in a furnace?

A: The two most common methods of measuring the temperature of the furnace tubes are: indirectly, by using infrared thermometers with line of sight to the tubes through a peek window; or directly, by placing temperature elements in contact with the tubes themselves – this paper will be focusing on the latter.

Q: 16. What is the difference between a vacuum furnace and an atmosphere furnace?

A: The difference between an atmosphere furnace and a vacuum furnace is that vacuum heat treatment technology is an integrated technology connected with heat treatment technology and vacuum heat treatment technology, which is a total and partial heat treatment performed under a vacuum.

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